feat: add cryptography fundamentals lab scripts

Lab2_Hashing.py

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+import tkinter as tk
+import hashlib
+import difflib
+
+class HashLab:
+    def __init__(self, root):
+        self.root = root
+        self.root.title("Lab 2: Efecto Avalancha (SHA-256)")
+        self.root.geometry("800x450")
+
+        # Inputs
+        tk.Label(root, text="Entrada A:").pack(anchor="w", padx=20)
+        self.input_a = tk.Entry(root, width=80, font=("Consolas", 10))
+        self.input_a.pack(padx=20, pady=5)
+        self.input_a.bind("<KeyRelease>", self.update)
+
+        tk.Label(root, text="Entrada B:").pack(anchor="w", padx=20)
+        self.input_b = tk.Entry(root, width=80, font=("Consolas", 10))
+        self.input_b.pack(padx=20, pady=5)
+        self.input_b.bind("<KeyRelease>", self.update)
+
+        # Diferencia Textual
+        self.lbl_text_diff = tk.Label(root, text="Diferencia de texto: 0.00%", font=("Arial", 10, "italic"), fg="#555")
+        self.lbl_text_diff.pack(pady=5)
+
+        # Visualización Hashes
+        tk.Label(root, text="Hash A (SHA-256):").pack(anchor="w", padx=20, pady=(20,0))
+        self.lbl_hash_a = tk.Label(root, text="", font=("Consolas", 9), fg="blue", wraplength=750)
+        self.lbl_hash_a.pack(padx=20)
+
+        tk.Label(root, text="Hash B (SHA-256):").pack(anchor="w", padx=20)
+        self.lbl_hash_b = tk.Label(root, text="", font=("Consolas", 9), fg="blue", wraplength=750)
+        self.lbl_hash_b.pack(padx=20)
+
+        # Estadísticas
+        self.lbl_stats = tk.Label(root, text="Diferencia de bits: 0 / 256 (0.00%)", font=("Arial", 12, "bold"))
+        self.lbl_stats.pack(pady=30)
+        
+        # Canvas para bits
+        self.canvas_bits = tk.Canvas(root, width=768, height=20, bg="white")
+        self.canvas_bits.pack(pady=10)
+
+    def update(self, event=None):
+        text_str_a = self.input_a.get()
+        text_str_b = self.input_b.get()
+        
+        # Calcular diferencia textual
+        matcher = difflib.SequenceMatcher(None, text_str_a, text_str_b)
+        ratio = matcher.ratio() # 1.0 es igual, 0.0 es diferente
+        diff_pct = (1.0 - ratio) * 100
+        self.lbl_text_diff.config(text=f"Diferencia de texto: {diff_pct:.2f}%")
+
+        text_a = text_str_a.encode()
+        text_b = text_str_b.encode()
+
+        hash_a_hex = hashlib.sha256(text_a).hexdigest()
+        hash_b_hex = hashlib.sha256(text_b).hexdigest()
+
+        self.lbl_hash_a.config(text=hash_a_hex)
+        self.lbl_hash_b.config(text=hash_b_hex)
+
+        # Convertir a binario
+        bin_a = bin(int(hash_a_hex, 16))[2:].zfill(256)
+        bin_b = bin(int(hash_b_hex, 16))[2:].zfill(256)
+
+        # Comparar bits
+        diffs = 0
+        self.canvas_bits.delete("all")
+        w = 3 # ancho por bit visual
+        for i in range(256):
+            color = "#eee" # igual
+            if bin_a[i] != bin_b[i]:
+                diffs += 1
+                color = "red" # Diferente
+            self.canvas_bits.create_rectangle(i*w, 0, (i*w)+w, 20, fill=color, outline="")
+
+        pct = (diffs / 256) * 100
+        self.lbl_stats.config(text=f"Diferencia de bits: {diffs} / 256 ({pct:.2f}%)")
+        
+        # Color semántico
+        if diffs == 0: self.lbl_stats.config(fg="green")
+        elif pct < 40: self.lbl_stats.config(fg="orange") # Avalancha pobre (raro en sha256)
+        else: self.lbl_stats.config(fg="red") # gran avalancha del hash
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    root = tk.Tk()
+    app = HashLab(root)
+    root.mainloop()